To calculate the national income, we need to use the following formula:

To calculate the national income, we need to use the following formula:

Substituting the given values:

GDP at factor cost = ₹ 15,000 crores - ₹ 3,000 crores = ₹ 12,000 crores

Now, let’s solve the unsolved practical questions mentioned above:

Substituting the given values:

Sandeep Garg Macroeconomics Class 12 Solutions Chapter 3 Unsolved Practical**